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How to Read IFR Plates

Break a scary-looking chart into three simple boxes.

1. Three boxes to read

Every approach plate has a Plan view (looking down), a Profile view (side view of the descent), and a Minimums section. Read them in that order and the plate stops being intimidating.

PLAN VIEWIAFPROFILE3° glidepathMINIMUMSDA / MDA · VisMissed approach

2. Plan view

Top-down map of the approach. Find the Initial Approach Fix (IAF), the Final Approach Fix (FAF), and the runway. Trace the route with your finger before you fly it.

3. Profile view

Shows step-down altitudes and the glidepath angle (usually 3°). The FAF is where the final descent begins. Note any crossing altitudes — those are hard restrictions.

4. Minimums

DA (decision altitude) for precision approaches; MDA (minimum descent altitude) for non-precision. Below this altitude you must have the runway environment in sight or execute the published missed approach.

5. Missed approach

Always read the missed approach text before starting the approach. If you get to minimums and can't land, you fly it from memory — climbing, then turning to the holding fix.